-
1 caput
caput itis, n [CAP-], the head: Capillus circum caput Reiectus, T.: caput obnubito, L.: capitis nives, H.: capite operto: aperire: velare, L.: abscindere cervicibus: capite demisso: attollere, O.: extollere, to become bold: breve (equi), H.: coronatum (bovis), Tb.: per caput pedesque ire, heels over head, Ct.: dux cum exercitu supra caput est, i. e. is ready to fall upon us, S.: capita conferre, to lay heads together, i. e. to confer in secret, L.: caput aut collum petere, strike at the vital parts: haec alias inter caput extulit urbes, towers, i. e. excels, V.: aliena negotia Per caput saliunt, run through the head, i. e. the mind, H.: capitis labor, mental exertion, H. — Meton., the head, top, summit, point, end, extremity: iocur sine capite (of a sacrifice), L.: in extis, O.: tignorum, Cs.: cornu duxit, donec curvata coirent capita, the ends, V. — The origin, source, spring, head (of a river), L.: caput unde erumpit Enipeus, V.: celsis caput urbibus exit, my source springs among great cities, V.—The mouth, embouchure (rare): multis capitibus in Oceanum influit, Cs.—Of plants: diducere terram ad capita, the roots, V.: papavera demisere caput, the heads, V.: capitum iugatio, branches (of the vine). — Of mountains, the summit: capita aspera montis, V. — Of persons, a head, person: ridiculum caput! T.: carum, V.: duo haec capita taeterrima: ignota, L.: di capiti ipsius reservent, for himself, V.: capiti cane talia Dardanio rebusque tuis, i. e. for Aeneas and yourself, V.: Perfidum, H.: de sacrando cum bonis capite alcuius, L.: ut caput Iovi sacraretur, L.—With numerals: capitum Helvetiorum milia CCLXIII, souls, Cs.: nullum caput Proserpina fugit, H.: in capita, to each person, L.; cf. sus Triginta capitum fetūs enixa, V.—Fig., life, physical life: Capitis periculum adire, to risk life, T.: caput obiectare periclis, V.: capitis poena, capital punishment, Cs.: certamen capitis et famae: ut capite dimices tuo, L.: caput offerre pro patriā: patrium tibi crede caput (i. e. patris vitam), O.: accusatus capitis absolvitur, of a capital crime, N.: Sthenium capite damnare.—Civil life, personality, civil rights, liberty and citizenship: capitis causae, involving citizenship: iudicium capitis: capitis deminutio, loss of civil rights, Cs.—Poet.: capitis minor, H.—Of persons, a leader, chief, guide: concitandorum Graecorum: capita nominis Latini, heads, chiefs, L.: ut se Suevorum caput credant, chief tribe, Ta.: capita coniurationis securi percussi, L.: illic est huic rei caput, author, contriver, T.: ab illo fonte et capite Socrate: corpori valido caput deerat, leader, L.: ipsum Expugnare caput, the great man himself, H. —A head, chief, capital: Thebae totius Graeciae, first city, N.: Roma, orbis terrarum, L.: castellum eius regionis, principal place, L.: Romam caput Latio esse, L.: ius nigrum, cenae caput, principal dish: fundus, vestrae pecuniae, chief source of income: caput esse artis, decere, the note, characteristic: ad consilium de re p. dandum caput est nosse rem p., first qualification: caput litterarum cum alquo, reason for corresponding: Epicuri, chief dogma: caput belli et summa, V.—In writings, a division, paragraph, chapter: legis: caput Annianum de hereditatibus, passage in the will of A.— Of money, the principal sum, capital, stock: quibus ille de capite dempsisset, reduced their debts: de capite deducite alqd, L.: Quinas hic capiti mercedes exsecet, extort sixty per centum, H.* * *head; person; life; leader; top; source/mouth (river); capital (punishment); heading; chapter, principal division -
2 capud
căpŭt ( kăp-căpud), ĭtis ( abl. sing. regularly capite:I.capiti,
Cat. 68, 124; cf. Tib. 1, 1, 72 Huschk., where the MSS., as well as Caes. German. Arat. 213, vary between the two forms), n. [kindr. with Sanscr. kap-āla; Gr. keph-alê; Goth. haubith; Germ. Haupt].The head, of men and animals:b.oscitat in campis caput a cervice revolsum,
Enn. Ann. 462 Vahl.: i lictor, conliga manus, caput obnubito, form. ap. Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. Liv. 1, 26, 6:tun' capite cano amas, homo nequissume?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 34; so,cano capite,
id. As. 5, 2, 84; id. Cas. 3, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 1, 72; Pers. 1, 83 al.; cf. Tib. 1, 10, 43, and:capitis nives,
Hor. C. 4, 13, 12, and Quint. 8, 6, 17 Spald.:raso capite calvus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 306:irraso,
id. Rud. 5, 2, 16:intonsum,
Quint. 12, 10, 47:amputare alicui,
Suet. Galb. 20; Vulg. 1 Par. 10, 9:capite operto,
Cic. Sen. 10, 34, 34:obvoluto,
id. Phil. 2, 31, 77 Klotz:caput aperire,
id. ib.:abscindere cervicibus,
id. ib. 11, 2, 5:demittere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 32; Cat. 87, 8; Verg. A. 9, 437: attollere. Ov. M. 5, 503:extollere,
to become bold, Cic. Planc. 13, 33: efferre, to raise one ' s head, to be eminent, Verg. E. 1, 25 al.—Of animals, Tib. 2, 1, 8; Hor. S. 1, 2, 89; 2, 3, 200; id. Ep. 1, 1, 76 al.—Prov.: supra caput esse, to be over one ' s head, i. e. to be at one ' s very doors, to threaten in consequence of nearness ( = imminere, impendere), Sall. C. 52, 24; Liv. 3, 17, 2; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. Kritz ad Sall. l. l.: capita conferre (like our phrase to put heads together, i. e to confer together in secret), Liv. 2, 45, 7:c.ire praecipitem in lutum, per caputque pedesque,
over head and ears, Cat. 17, 9:nec caput nec pedes,
neither beginning nor end, good for nothing, Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 2; cf. Cato ap. Liv. Epit. lib. 50; Plaut. As. 3, 3, 139 sq.—Capita aut navia (al. navim), heads or tails, a play of the Roman youth in which a piece of money is thrown up, to see whether the figure-side (the head of Janus) or the reverse - side (a ship) will fall uppermost, Macr. S. 1, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 3; cf. Ov. F. 1, 239; Paul. Nol. Poëm. 38, 73.—d.Poet., the head, as the seat of the understanding:e.aliena negotia Per caput saliunt,
run through the head, Hor. S. 2, 6, 34; so id. ib. 2, 3, 132; id. A. P. 300.—Ad Capita bubula, a place in Rome in the tenth region, where Augustus was born, Suet. Aug. 5.—2.Transf., of inanimate things.a.In gen., the head, top, summit, point, end, extremity (beginning or end):b.ulpici,
Cato, R. R. 71:allii,
Col. 6, 34, 1:porri,
id. 11, 3, 17:papaveris,
Liv. 1, 54, 6; Verg. A. 9, 437:bulborum,
Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 94:caulis,
id. 19, 8, 41, § 140 al.:jecoris (or jecinoris, jocinoris),
Cic. Div. 2, 13, 32; Liv. 8, 9, 1; cf. id. 27, 26, 14; 41, 14, 7; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 244 Müll.:extorum,
Ov. M. 15, 795; Luc. 1, 627; Plin. 11, 37, 73, § 189: pontis, tēte de pont, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 4; cf. Front. Arat. 2, 13, 5:tignorum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 9:columnae,
Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13:molis,
the highest point of the mole, Curt. 4, 2, 23:xysti,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 20:porticus,
id. ib. 5, 6, 19 al.—Esp., of rivers,(α).The origin, source, spring ( head):(β).caput aquae illud est, unde aqua nascitur,
Dig. 43, 20, 1, § 8; so Lucr. 5, 270; 6, 636; 6, 729; Tib. 1, 7, 24; Hor. C. 1, 1, 22; id. S. 1, 10, 37; Verg. G. 4, 319; 4, 368; Ov. M. 2, 255; Hirt. B. G. 8, 41; Liv. 1, 51, 9; 2, 38, 1; 37, 18, 6:fontium,
Vitr. 8, 1; Mel. 3, 2, 8; Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 5; 10, 91, 1 al.—(more rare) The mouth, embouchure, Caes. B. G. 4, 10; Liv. 33, 41, 7; Luc. 2, 52; 3, 202.—c.Also of plants, sometimes the root, Cato, R. R. 36; 43; 51:d.vitis,
id. ib. 33, 1; 95, 2; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 195; Verg. G. 2, 355.—Also, in reference to the vine, vine branches, Col. 3, 10, 1; Cic. Sen. 15, 53.— Poet., also the summit, top of trees, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, and ap. Non. 195, 24; Ov. M. 1, 567; Poët. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 90; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 370. —e.Of mountains, rocks, Verg. A. 4, 249; 6, 360.—f.Of a boil that swells out, Cels. 8, 9;II.hence, facere,
to come to a head, Plin. 22, 25, 76, § 159; 26, 12, 77, § 125; cf.: capita deorum appellabantur fasciculi facti ex verbenis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64 Müll.—Per meton. (pars pro toto), a man, person, or animal (very freq. in prose and poetry; cf. kara, kephalê,, in the same signif.;III.v. Liddell and Scott and Robinson): pro capite tuo quantum dedit,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 37:hoc conruptum'st caput,
id. Ep. 1, 1, 85:siquidem hoc vivet caput, i. e. ego,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 33; so id. Stich. 5, 5, 10; cf. id. Capt. 5, 1, 25:ridiculum caput!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 34:festivum,
id. Ad. 2, 3, 8:lepidum,
id. ib. 5, 9, 9:carum,
Verg. A. 4, 354; Hor. C. 1, 24, 2:liberum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 79:vilia,
Liv. 25, 6, 9:viliora,
id. 9, 26, 22:vilissima,
id. 24, 5, 13:ignota,
id. 3, 7, 7; cf. id. 2, 5, 6:liberorum servorumque,
id. 29, 29, 3 al. —In imprecations:istic capiti dicito,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 47; cf.:vae capiti tuo,
id. Most. 4, 3, 10; so id. Poen. 3, 3, 32; Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 2, 12; Verg. A. 8, 484; 11, 399 al.—With numerals:capitum Helvetiorum milia CCLXIII.,
souls, Caes. B. G. 1, 29; 4, 15:quot capitum vivunt, totidem studiorum Milia,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 27; id. Ep. 2, 2, 189; cf. id. C. 1, 28, 20 al.; so, in capita, in distribution, to or for each person (cf. in Heb. also, for each head, poll, = for each individual, v. Robinson in h. v.), Liv. 2, 33, 11; 32, 17, 2; 34, 50, 6 al. (cf.:in singulos,
id. 42, 4, 5).—Of. the poll-tax:exactio capitum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5; so,capite censi, v. censeo.—Of animals,
Verg. A. 3, 391; Col. 6, 5, 4 fin.; 8, 5, 4; 8, 5, 7; 8, 11, 13; Veg. Vet. 1, 18.—Trop.1.Life, and specif.,a.Physical life:b.carum,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 33 sq.; 5, 1, 26:si capitis res siet,
if it is a matter of life and death, id. Trin. 4, 2, 120: capitis periculum adire, to risk one ' s life, Ter. And. 4, 1, 53; id. Hec. 3, 1, 54; cf. id. Phorm. 3, 2, 6 Runnk.:capitis poena,
capital punishment, Caes. B. G. 7, 71:pactum pro capite pretium,
Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107:cum altero certamen honoris et dignitatis est, cum altero capitis et famae,
id. ib. 1, 12, 38:cum dimicatione capitis,
id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:suo capite decernere,
id. Att. 10, 9, 2; so Liv. 2, 12, 10; Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64; Liv. 9, 5, 5:caput offerre pro patriā,
Cic. Sull. 30, 84:patrium tibi crede caput, i. e. patris vitam et salutem,
Ov. M. 8, 94; so,capitis accusare,
to accuse of a capital crime, Nep. Paus. 2 fin.:absolvere,
id. Milt. 7, 6:damnare,
id. Alcib. 4, 5; id. Eum. 5, 1:tergo ac capite puniri,
Liv. 3, 55, 14:caput Jovi sacrum,
id. 3, 55, 7:sacratum,
id. 10, 38, 3 al.; cf. Ov. M. 9, 296.—Civil or political life, acc. to the Roman idea, including the rights of liberty, citizenship, [p. 290] and family (libertatis, civitatis, familiae): its loss or deprivation was called deminutio or minutio capitis, acc. to the foll. jurid. distinction: capitis deminutionis tria genera sunt: maxima, media, minima; tria enim sunt, quae habemus: libertatem, civitatem, familiam. Igitur cum omnia haec amittimus (as by servitude or condemnation to death), maximam esse capitis deminutionem; cum vero amittimus civitatem (as in the interdictio aquae et ignis) libertatem retinemus, mediam esse capitis deminutionem;2. (α).cum et libertas et civitas retinetur, familia tantum mutatur (as by adoption, or, in the case of women, by marriage) minimam esse capitis deminutionem constat,
Dig. 4, 5, 11; cf. Just. Inst. 1, 16, 4; Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 181; 1, 54, 231; id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; Liv. 3, 55, 14; 22, 60, 15:capitis minor,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 42:servus manumissus capite non minuitur, quia nulnum caput habuit,
Dig. 4, 5, 3, § 1.—Of the deminutio media, Cic. Brut. 36, 136; id. Verr. 2, 2, 40, §§ 98 and 99; id. Quint. 2, 8 al.—Of the deminutio minima, Cic. Top. 4, 18; cf. Gai Inst. 1, 162.—With gen.:(β).scelerum,
an arrant knave, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 19; id. Bacch. 4, 7, 31; id. Mil. 2, 6, 14; id. Ps. 1, 5, 31; 4, 5, 3; id. Rud. 4, 4, 54:perjuri,
id. ib. 4, 4, 55:concitandorum Graecorum,
Cic. Fl. 18, 42:consilil,
Liv. 8, 31, 7:conjurationis,
id. 9, 26, 7:caput rei Romanae Camillus,
id. 6, 3, 1; cf.:caput rerum Masinissam fuisse,
id. 28, 35, 12; so id. 26, 40, 13:reipublicae,
Tac. A. 1, 13:nominis Latini,
heads, chiefs, Liv. 1, 52, 4:belli,
id. 45, 7, 3:Suevorum,
chieftribe, Tac. G. 39 fin. al.—The predicate in gen. masc.:capita conjurationis ejus virgis caesi ac securi percussi,
Liv. 10, 1, 3.—With esse and dat.:(γ).ego caput fui argento reperiundo,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 138; cf.:illic est huic rei caput,
author, contriver, Ter. And. 2, 6, 27; so id. Ad. 4, 2, 29 al.—Absol.:urgerent philosophorum greges, jam ab illo fonte et capite Socrate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:corpori valido caput deerat,
guide, leader, Liv. 5, 46, 5:esse aliquod caput (i. e. regem) placebat,
id. 1, 17, 4; cf. id. 1, 23, 4; Hor. S. 2, 5, 74 al.—Of things, head, chief, capital, etc.;thus of cities: Thebas caput fuisse totius Graeciae,
head, first city, Nep. Epam. 10 fin.; so with gen., Liv. 9, 37, 12; 10, 37, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; 23, 11, 11; 37, 18, 3 (with arx); cf.:pro capite atque arce Italiae, urbe Romanā,
Liv. 22, 32, 5; and with dat.:Romam caput Latio esse,
id. 8, 4, 5; and:brevi caput Italiae omni Capuam fore,
id. 23, 10, 2 Drak. N. cr. —Of other localities:castellum quod caput ejus regionis erat,
the head, principal place, Liv. 21, 33, 11.—Of other things:jus nigrum, quod cenae caput erat,
the principal dish, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98; cf. id. Fin. 2, 8, 25:patrimonii publici,
id. Agr. 1, 7, 21; cf. id. ib. 2, 29, 80; Liv. 6, 14, 10: caput esse artis, decere, the main or principal point, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 132:caput esse ad beate vivendum securitatem,
id. Lael. 13, 45: ad consilium de re publicā dandum caput est nosse rem publicam;ad dicendum vero probabiliter, nosse mores civitatis,
id. de Or. 2, 82, 337; 1, 19, 87:litterarum,
summary, purport, substance, id. Phil. 2, 31, 77:caput Epicuri,
the fundamental principle, dogma, id. Ac. 2, 32, 101; cf. Quint. 3, 11, 27: rerum, the chief or central point, head, Cic. Brut. 44, 164.—So in writings, a division, section, paragraph, chapter, etc.:a primo capite legis usque ad extremum,
Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15; cf. id. ib. 2, 10, 26; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 118 Ascon.; id. Fam. 3, 8, 4; Gell. 2, 15, 4 al.; Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 223; id. Fam. 7, 22 med.; Quint. 10, 7, 32:id quod caput est,
Cic. Att. 1, 17, 4; so id. Fam. 3, 7, 4.—Of money, the principal sum, the capital, stock (syn. sors;opp. usurae),
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 11; 2, 3, 35, § 80 sq.; id. Att. 15, 26, 4; Liv. 6, 15, 10; 6, 35, 4; Hor. S. 1, 2, 14 al. -
3 caput
căpŭt ( kăp-căpud), ĭtis ( abl. sing. regularly capite:I.capiti,
Cat. 68, 124; cf. Tib. 1, 1, 72 Huschk., where the MSS., as well as Caes. German. Arat. 213, vary between the two forms), n. [kindr. with Sanscr. kap-āla; Gr. keph-alê; Goth. haubith; Germ. Haupt].The head, of men and animals:b.oscitat in campis caput a cervice revolsum,
Enn. Ann. 462 Vahl.: i lictor, conliga manus, caput obnubito, form. ap. Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. Liv. 1, 26, 6:tun' capite cano amas, homo nequissume?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 34; so,cano capite,
id. As. 5, 2, 84; id. Cas. 3, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 1, 72; Pers. 1, 83 al.; cf. Tib. 1, 10, 43, and:capitis nives,
Hor. C. 4, 13, 12, and Quint. 8, 6, 17 Spald.:raso capite calvus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 306:irraso,
id. Rud. 5, 2, 16:intonsum,
Quint. 12, 10, 47:amputare alicui,
Suet. Galb. 20; Vulg. 1 Par. 10, 9:capite operto,
Cic. Sen. 10, 34, 34:obvoluto,
id. Phil. 2, 31, 77 Klotz:caput aperire,
id. ib.:abscindere cervicibus,
id. ib. 11, 2, 5:demittere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 32; Cat. 87, 8; Verg. A. 9, 437: attollere. Ov. M. 5, 503:extollere,
to become bold, Cic. Planc. 13, 33: efferre, to raise one ' s head, to be eminent, Verg. E. 1, 25 al.—Of animals, Tib. 2, 1, 8; Hor. S. 1, 2, 89; 2, 3, 200; id. Ep. 1, 1, 76 al.—Prov.: supra caput esse, to be over one ' s head, i. e. to be at one ' s very doors, to threaten in consequence of nearness ( = imminere, impendere), Sall. C. 52, 24; Liv. 3, 17, 2; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. Kritz ad Sall. l. l.: capita conferre (like our phrase to put heads together, i. e to confer together in secret), Liv. 2, 45, 7:c.ire praecipitem in lutum, per caputque pedesque,
over head and ears, Cat. 17, 9:nec caput nec pedes,
neither beginning nor end, good for nothing, Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 2; cf. Cato ap. Liv. Epit. lib. 50; Plaut. As. 3, 3, 139 sq.—Capita aut navia (al. navim), heads or tails, a play of the Roman youth in which a piece of money is thrown up, to see whether the figure-side (the head of Janus) or the reverse - side (a ship) will fall uppermost, Macr. S. 1, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 3; cf. Ov. F. 1, 239; Paul. Nol. Poëm. 38, 73.—d.Poet., the head, as the seat of the understanding:e.aliena negotia Per caput saliunt,
run through the head, Hor. S. 2, 6, 34; so id. ib. 2, 3, 132; id. A. P. 300.—Ad Capita bubula, a place in Rome in the tenth region, where Augustus was born, Suet. Aug. 5.—2.Transf., of inanimate things.a.In gen., the head, top, summit, point, end, extremity (beginning or end):b.ulpici,
Cato, R. R. 71:allii,
Col. 6, 34, 1:porri,
id. 11, 3, 17:papaveris,
Liv. 1, 54, 6; Verg. A. 9, 437:bulborum,
Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 94:caulis,
id. 19, 8, 41, § 140 al.:jecoris (or jecinoris, jocinoris),
Cic. Div. 2, 13, 32; Liv. 8, 9, 1; cf. id. 27, 26, 14; 41, 14, 7; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 244 Müll.:extorum,
Ov. M. 15, 795; Luc. 1, 627; Plin. 11, 37, 73, § 189: pontis, tēte de pont, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 4; cf. Front. Arat. 2, 13, 5:tignorum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 9:columnae,
Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13:molis,
the highest point of the mole, Curt. 4, 2, 23:xysti,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 20:porticus,
id. ib. 5, 6, 19 al.—Esp., of rivers,(α).The origin, source, spring ( head):(β).caput aquae illud est, unde aqua nascitur,
Dig. 43, 20, 1, § 8; so Lucr. 5, 270; 6, 636; 6, 729; Tib. 1, 7, 24; Hor. C. 1, 1, 22; id. S. 1, 10, 37; Verg. G. 4, 319; 4, 368; Ov. M. 2, 255; Hirt. B. G. 8, 41; Liv. 1, 51, 9; 2, 38, 1; 37, 18, 6:fontium,
Vitr. 8, 1; Mel. 3, 2, 8; Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 5; 10, 91, 1 al.—(more rare) The mouth, embouchure, Caes. B. G. 4, 10; Liv. 33, 41, 7; Luc. 2, 52; 3, 202.—c.Also of plants, sometimes the root, Cato, R. R. 36; 43; 51:d.vitis,
id. ib. 33, 1; 95, 2; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 195; Verg. G. 2, 355.—Also, in reference to the vine, vine branches, Col. 3, 10, 1; Cic. Sen. 15, 53.— Poet., also the summit, top of trees, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, and ap. Non. 195, 24; Ov. M. 1, 567; Poët. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 90; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 370. —e.Of mountains, rocks, Verg. A. 4, 249; 6, 360.—f.Of a boil that swells out, Cels. 8, 9;II.hence, facere,
to come to a head, Plin. 22, 25, 76, § 159; 26, 12, 77, § 125; cf.: capita deorum appellabantur fasciculi facti ex verbenis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64 Müll.—Per meton. (pars pro toto), a man, person, or animal (very freq. in prose and poetry; cf. kara, kephalê,, in the same signif.;III.v. Liddell and Scott and Robinson): pro capite tuo quantum dedit,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 37:hoc conruptum'st caput,
id. Ep. 1, 1, 85:siquidem hoc vivet caput, i. e. ego,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 33; so id. Stich. 5, 5, 10; cf. id. Capt. 5, 1, 25:ridiculum caput!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 34:festivum,
id. Ad. 2, 3, 8:lepidum,
id. ib. 5, 9, 9:carum,
Verg. A. 4, 354; Hor. C. 1, 24, 2:liberum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 79:vilia,
Liv. 25, 6, 9:viliora,
id. 9, 26, 22:vilissima,
id. 24, 5, 13:ignota,
id. 3, 7, 7; cf. id. 2, 5, 6:liberorum servorumque,
id. 29, 29, 3 al. —In imprecations:istic capiti dicito,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 47; cf.:vae capiti tuo,
id. Most. 4, 3, 10; so id. Poen. 3, 3, 32; Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 2, 12; Verg. A. 8, 484; 11, 399 al.—With numerals:capitum Helvetiorum milia CCLXIII.,
souls, Caes. B. G. 1, 29; 4, 15:quot capitum vivunt, totidem studiorum Milia,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 27; id. Ep. 2, 2, 189; cf. id. C. 1, 28, 20 al.; so, in capita, in distribution, to or for each person (cf. in Heb. also, for each head, poll, = for each individual, v. Robinson in h. v.), Liv. 2, 33, 11; 32, 17, 2; 34, 50, 6 al. (cf.:in singulos,
id. 42, 4, 5).—Of. the poll-tax:exactio capitum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5; so,capite censi, v. censeo.—Of animals,
Verg. A. 3, 391; Col. 6, 5, 4 fin.; 8, 5, 4; 8, 5, 7; 8, 11, 13; Veg. Vet. 1, 18.—Trop.1.Life, and specif.,a.Physical life:b.carum,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 33 sq.; 5, 1, 26:si capitis res siet,
if it is a matter of life and death, id. Trin. 4, 2, 120: capitis periculum adire, to risk one ' s life, Ter. And. 4, 1, 53; id. Hec. 3, 1, 54; cf. id. Phorm. 3, 2, 6 Runnk.:capitis poena,
capital punishment, Caes. B. G. 7, 71:pactum pro capite pretium,
Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107:cum altero certamen honoris et dignitatis est, cum altero capitis et famae,
id. ib. 1, 12, 38:cum dimicatione capitis,
id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:suo capite decernere,
id. Att. 10, 9, 2; so Liv. 2, 12, 10; Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64; Liv. 9, 5, 5:caput offerre pro patriā,
Cic. Sull. 30, 84:patrium tibi crede caput, i. e. patris vitam et salutem,
Ov. M. 8, 94; so,capitis accusare,
to accuse of a capital crime, Nep. Paus. 2 fin.:absolvere,
id. Milt. 7, 6:damnare,
id. Alcib. 4, 5; id. Eum. 5, 1:tergo ac capite puniri,
Liv. 3, 55, 14:caput Jovi sacrum,
id. 3, 55, 7:sacratum,
id. 10, 38, 3 al.; cf. Ov. M. 9, 296.—Civil or political life, acc. to the Roman idea, including the rights of liberty, citizenship, [p. 290] and family (libertatis, civitatis, familiae): its loss or deprivation was called deminutio or minutio capitis, acc. to the foll. jurid. distinction: capitis deminutionis tria genera sunt: maxima, media, minima; tria enim sunt, quae habemus: libertatem, civitatem, familiam. Igitur cum omnia haec amittimus (as by servitude or condemnation to death), maximam esse capitis deminutionem; cum vero amittimus civitatem (as in the interdictio aquae et ignis) libertatem retinemus, mediam esse capitis deminutionem;2. (α).cum et libertas et civitas retinetur, familia tantum mutatur (as by adoption, or, in the case of women, by marriage) minimam esse capitis deminutionem constat,
Dig. 4, 5, 11; cf. Just. Inst. 1, 16, 4; Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 181; 1, 54, 231; id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; Liv. 3, 55, 14; 22, 60, 15:capitis minor,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 42:servus manumissus capite non minuitur, quia nulnum caput habuit,
Dig. 4, 5, 3, § 1.—Of the deminutio media, Cic. Brut. 36, 136; id. Verr. 2, 2, 40, §§ 98 and 99; id. Quint. 2, 8 al.—Of the deminutio minima, Cic. Top. 4, 18; cf. Gai Inst. 1, 162.—With gen.:(β).scelerum,
an arrant knave, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 19; id. Bacch. 4, 7, 31; id. Mil. 2, 6, 14; id. Ps. 1, 5, 31; 4, 5, 3; id. Rud. 4, 4, 54:perjuri,
id. ib. 4, 4, 55:concitandorum Graecorum,
Cic. Fl. 18, 42:consilil,
Liv. 8, 31, 7:conjurationis,
id. 9, 26, 7:caput rei Romanae Camillus,
id. 6, 3, 1; cf.:caput rerum Masinissam fuisse,
id. 28, 35, 12; so id. 26, 40, 13:reipublicae,
Tac. A. 1, 13:nominis Latini,
heads, chiefs, Liv. 1, 52, 4:belli,
id. 45, 7, 3:Suevorum,
chieftribe, Tac. G. 39 fin. al.—The predicate in gen. masc.:capita conjurationis ejus virgis caesi ac securi percussi,
Liv. 10, 1, 3.—With esse and dat.:(γ).ego caput fui argento reperiundo,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 138; cf.:illic est huic rei caput,
author, contriver, Ter. And. 2, 6, 27; so id. Ad. 4, 2, 29 al.—Absol.:urgerent philosophorum greges, jam ab illo fonte et capite Socrate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:corpori valido caput deerat,
guide, leader, Liv. 5, 46, 5:esse aliquod caput (i. e. regem) placebat,
id. 1, 17, 4; cf. id. 1, 23, 4; Hor. S. 2, 5, 74 al.—Of things, head, chief, capital, etc.;thus of cities: Thebas caput fuisse totius Graeciae,
head, first city, Nep. Epam. 10 fin.; so with gen., Liv. 9, 37, 12; 10, 37, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; 23, 11, 11; 37, 18, 3 (with arx); cf.:pro capite atque arce Italiae, urbe Romanā,
Liv. 22, 32, 5; and with dat.:Romam caput Latio esse,
id. 8, 4, 5; and:brevi caput Italiae omni Capuam fore,
id. 23, 10, 2 Drak. N. cr. —Of other localities:castellum quod caput ejus regionis erat,
the head, principal place, Liv. 21, 33, 11.—Of other things:jus nigrum, quod cenae caput erat,
the principal dish, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98; cf. id. Fin. 2, 8, 25:patrimonii publici,
id. Agr. 1, 7, 21; cf. id. ib. 2, 29, 80; Liv. 6, 14, 10: caput esse artis, decere, the main or principal point, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 132:caput esse ad beate vivendum securitatem,
id. Lael. 13, 45: ad consilium de re publicā dandum caput est nosse rem publicam;ad dicendum vero probabiliter, nosse mores civitatis,
id. de Or. 2, 82, 337; 1, 19, 87:litterarum,
summary, purport, substance, id. Phil. 2, 31, 77:caput Epicuri,
the fundamental principle, dogma, id. Ac. 2, 32, 101; cf. Quint. 3, 11, 27: rerum, the chief or central point, head, Cic. Brut. 44, 164.—So in writings, a division, section, paragraph, chapter, etc.:a primo capite legis usque ad extremum,
Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15; cf. id. ib. 2, 10, 26; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 118 Ascon.; id. Fam. 3, 8, 4; Gell. 2, 15, 4 al.; Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 223; id. Fam. 7, 22 med.; Quint. 10, 7, 32:id quod caput est,
Cic. Att. 1, 17, 4; so id. Fam. 3, 7, 4.—Of money, the principal sum, the capital, stock (syn. sors;opp. usurae),
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 11; 2, 3, 35, § 80 sq.; id. Att. 15, 26, 4; Liv. 6, 15, 10; 6, 35, 4; Hor. S. 1, 2, 14 al. -
4 kaput
căpŭt ( kăp-căpud), ĭtis ( abl. sing. regularly capite:I.capiti,
Cat. 68, 124; cf. Tib. 1, 1, 72 Huschk., where the MSS., as well as Caes. German. Arat. 213, vary between the two forms), n. [kindr. with Sanscr. kap-āla; Gr. keph-alê; Goth. haubith; Germ. Haupt].The head, of men and animals:b.oscitat in campis caput a cervice revolsum,
Enn. Ann. 462 Vahl.: i lictor, conliga manus, caput obnubito, form. ap. Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. Liv. 1, 26, 6:tun' capite cano amas, homo nequissume?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 34; so,cano capite,
id. As. 5, 2, 84; id. Cas. 3, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 1, 72; Pers. 1, 83 al.; cf. Tib. 1, 10, 43, and:capitis nives,
Hor. C. 4, 13, 12, and Quint. 8, 6, 17 Spald.:raso capite calvus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 306:irraso,
id. Rud. 5, 2, 16:intonsum,
Quint. 12, 10, 47:amputare alicui,
Suet. Galb. 20; Vulg. 1 Par. 10, 9:capite operto,
Cic. Sen. 10, 34, 34:obvoluto,
id. Phil. 2, 31, 77 Klotz:caput aperire,
id. ib.:abscindere cervicibus,
id. ib. 11, 2, 5:demittere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 32; Cat. 87, 8; Verg. A. 9, 437: attollere. Ov. M. 5, 503:extollere,
to become bold, Cic. Planc. 13, 33: efferre, to raise one ' s head, to be eminent, Verg. E. 1, 25 al.—Of animals, Tib. 2, 1, 8; Hor. S. 1, 2, 89; 2, 3, 200; id. Ep. 1, 1, 76 al.—Prov.: supra caput esse, to be over one ' s head, i. e. to be at one ' s very doors, to threaten in consequence of nearness ( = imminere, impendere), Sall. C. 52, 24; Liv. 3, 17, 2; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. Kritz ad Sall. l. l.: capita conferre (like our phrase to put heads together, i. e to confer together in secret), Liv. 2, 45, 7:c.ire praecipitem in lutum, per caputque pedesque,
over head and ears, Cat. 17, 9:nec caput nec pedes,
neither beginning nor end, good for nothing, Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 2; cf. Cato ap. Liv. Epit. lib. 50; Plaut. As. 3, 3, 139 sq.—Capita aut navia (al. navim), heads or tails, a play of the Roman youth in which a piece of money is thrown up, to see whether the figure-side (the head of Janus) or the reverse - side (a ship) will fall uppermost, Macr. S. 1, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 3; cf. Ov. F. 1, 239; Paul. Nol. Poëm. 38, 73.—d.Poet., the head, as the seat of the understanding:e.aliena negotia Per caput saliunt,
run through the head, Hor. S. 2, 6, 34; so id. ib. 2, 3, 132; id. A. P. 300.—Ad Capita bubula, a place in Rome in the tenth region, where Augustus was born, Suet. Aug. 5.—2.Transf., of inanimate things.a.In gen., the head, top, summit, point, end, extremity (beginning or end):b.ulpici,
Cato, R. R. 71:allii,
Col. 6, 34, 1:porri,
id. 11, 3, 17:papaveris,
Liv. 1, 54, 6; Verg. A. 9, 437:bulborum,
Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 94:caulis,
id. 19, 8, 41, § 140 al.:jecoris (or jecinoris, jocinoris),
Cic. Div. 2, 13, 32; Liv. 8, 9, 1; cf. id. 27, 26, 14; 41, 14, 7; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 244 Müll.:extorum,
Ov. M. 15, 795; Luc. 1, 627; Plin. 11, 37, 73, § 189: pontis, tēte de pont, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 4; cf. Front. Arat. 2, 13, 5:tignorum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 9:columnae,
Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13:molis,
the highest point of the mole, Curt. 4, 2, 23:xysti,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 20:porticus,
id. ib. 5, 6, 19 al.—Esp., of rivers,(α).The origin, source, spring ( head):(β).caput aquae illud est, unde aqua nascitur,
Dig. 43, 20, 1, § 8; so Lucr. 5, 270; 6, 636; 6, 729; Tib. 1, 7, 24; Hor. C. 1, 1, 22; id. S. 1, 10, 37; Verg. G. 4, 319; 4, 368; Ov. M. 2, 255; Hirt. B. G. 8, 41; Liv. 1, 51, 9; 2, 38, 1; 37, 18, 6:fontium,
Vitr. 8, 1; Mel. 3, 2, 8; Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 5; 10, 91, 1 al.—(more rare) The mouth, embouchure, Caes. B. G. 4, 10; Liv. 33, 41, 7; Luc. 2, 52; 3, 202.—c.Also of plants, sometimes the root, Cato, R. R. 36; 43; 51:d.vitis,
id. ib. 33, 1; 95, 2; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 195; Verg. G. 2, 355.—Also, in reference to the vine, vine branches, Col. 3, 10, 1; Cic. Sen. 15, 53.— Poet., also the summit, top of trees, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, and ap. Non. 195, 24; Ov. M. 1, 567; Poët. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 90; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 370. —e.Of mountains, rocks, Verg. A. 4, 249; 6, 360.—f.Of a boil that swells out, Cels. 8, 9;II.hence, facere,
to come to a head, Plin. 22, 25, 76, § 159; 26, 12, 77, § 125; cf.: capita deorum appellabantur fasciculi facti ex verbenis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64 Müll.—Per meton. (pars pro toto), a man, person, or animal (very freq. in prose and poetry; cf. kara, kephalê,, in the same signif.;III.v. Liddell and Scott and Robinson): pro capite tuo quantum dedit,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 37:hoc conruptum'st caput,
id. Ep. 1, 1, 85:siquidem hoc vivet caput, i. e. ego,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 33; so id. Stich. 5, 5, 10; cf. id. Capt. 5, 1, 25:ridiculum caput!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 34:festivum,
id. Ad. 2, 3, 8:lepidum,
id. ib. 5, 9, 9:carum,
Verg. A. 4, 354; Hor. C. 1, 24, 2:liberum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 79:vilia,
Liv. 25, 6, 9:viliora,
id. 9, 26, 22:vilissima,
id. 24, 5, 13:ignota,
id. 3, 7, 7; cf. id. 2, 5, 6:liberorum servorumque,
id. 29, 29, 3 al. —In imprecations:istic capiti dicito,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 47; cf.:vae capiti tuo,
id. Most. 4, 3, 10; so id. Poen. 3, 3, 32; Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 2, 12; Verg. A. 8, 484; 11, 399 al.—With numerals:capitum Helvetiorum milia CCLXIII.,
souls, Caes. B. G. 1, 29; 4, 15:quot capitum vivunt, totidem studiorum Milia,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 27; id. Ep. 2, 2, 189; cf. id. C. 1, 28, 20 al.; so, in capita, in distribution, to or for each person (cf. in Heb. also, for each head, poll, = for each individual, v. Robinson in h. v.), Liv. 2, 33, 11; 32, 17, 2; 34, 50, 6 al. (cf.:in singulos,
id. 42, 4, 5).—Of. the poll-tax:exactio capitum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5; so,capite censi, v. censeo.—Of animals,
Verg. A. 3, 391; Col. 6, 5, 4 fin.; 8, 5, 4; 8, 5, 7; 8, 11, 13; Veg. Vet. 1, 18.—Trop.1.Life, and specif.,a.Physical life:b.carum,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 33 sq.; 5, 1, 26:si capitis res siet,
if it is a matter of life and death, id. Trin. 4, 2, 120: capitis periculum adire, to risk one ' s life, Ter. And. 4, 1, 53; id. Hec. 3, 1, 54; cf. id. Phorm. 3, 2, 6 Runnk.:capitis poena,
capital punishment, Caes. B. G. 7, 71:pactum pro capite pretium,
Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107:cum altero certamen honoris et dignitatis est, cum altero capitis et famae,
id. ib. 1, 12, 38:cum dimicatione capitis,
id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:suo capite decernere,
id. Att. 10, 9, 2; so Liv. 2, 12, 10; Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64; Liv. 9, 5, 5:caput offerre pro patriā,
Cic. Sull. 30, 84:patrium tibi crede caput, i. e. patris vitam et salutem,
Ov. M. 8, 94; so,capitis accusare,
to accuse of a capital crime, Nep. Paus. 2 fin.:absolvere,
id. Milt. 7, 6:damnare,
id. Alcib. 4, 5; id. Eum. 5, 1:tergo ac capite puniri,
Liv. 3, 55, 14:caput Jovi sacrum,
id. 3, 55, 7:sacratum,
id. 10, 38, 3 al.; cf. Ov. M. 9, 296.—Civil or political life, acc. to the Roman idea, including the rights of liberty, citizenship, [p. 290] and family (libertatis, civitatis, familiae): its loss or deprivation was called deminutio or minutio capitis, acc. to the foll. jurid. distinction: capitis deminutionis tria genera sunt: maxima, media, minima; tria enim sunt, quae habemus: libertatem, civitatem, familiam. Igitur cum omnia haec amittimus (as by servitude or condemnation to death), maximam esse capitis deminutionem; cum vero amittimus civitatem (as in the interdictio aquae et ignis) libertatem retinemus, mediam esse capitis deminutionem;2. (α).cum et libertas et civitas retinetur, familia tantum mutatur (as by adoption, or, in the case of women, by marriage) minimam esse capitis deminutionem constat,
Dig. 4, 5, 11; cf. Just. Inst. 1, 16, 4; Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 181; 1, 54, 231; id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; Liv. 3, 55, 14; 22, 60, 15:capitis minor,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 42:servus manumissus capite non minuitur, quia nulnum caput habuit,
Dig. 4, 5, 3, § 1.—Of the deminutio media, Cic. Brut. 36, 136; id. Verr. 2, 2, 40, §§ 98 and 99; id. Quint. 2, 8 al.—Of the deminutio minima, Cic. Top. 4, 18; cf. Gai Inst. 1, 162.—With gen.:(β).scelerum,
an arrant knave, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 19; id. Bacch. 4, 7, 31; id. Mil. 2, 6, 14; id. Ps. 1, 5, 31; 4, 5, 3; id. Rud. 4, 4, 54:perjuri,
id. ib. 4, 4, 55:concitandorum Graecorum,
Cic. Fl. 18, 42:consilil,
Liv. 8, 31, 7:conjurationis,
id. 9, 26, 7:caput rei Romanae Camillus,
id. 6, 3, 1; cf.:caput rerum Masinissam fuisse,
id. 28, 35, 12; so id. 26, 40, 13:reipublicae,
Tac. A. 1, 13:nominis Latini,
heads, chiefs, Liv. 1, 52, 4:belli,
id. 45, 7, 3:Suevorum,
chieftribe, Tac. G. 39 fin. al.—The predicate in gen. masc.:capita conjurationis ejus virgis caesi ac securi percussi,
Liv. 10, 1, 3.—With esse and dat.:(γ).ego caput fui argento reperiundo,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 138; cf.:illic est huic rei caput,
author, contriver, Ter. And. 2, 6, 27; so id. Ad. 4, 2, 29 al.—Absol.:urgerent philosophorum greges, jam ab illo fonte et capite Socrate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:corpori valido caput deerat,
guide, leader, Liv. 5, 46, 5:esse aliquod caput (i. e. regem) placebat,
id. 1, 17, 4; cf. id. 1, 23, 4; Hor. S. 2, 5, 74 al.—Of things, head, chief, capital, etc.;thus of cities: Thebas caput fuisse totius Graeciae,
head, first city, Nep. Epam. 10 fin.; so with gen., Liv. 9, 37, 12; 10, 37, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; 23, 11, 11; 37, 18, 3 (with arx); cf.:pro capite atque arce Italiae, urbe Romanā,
Liv. 22, 32, 5; and with dat.:Romam caput Latio esse,
id. 8, 4, 5; and:brevi caput Italiae omni Capuam fore,
id. 23, 10, 2 Drak. N. cr. —Of other localities:castellum quod caput ejus regionis erat,
the head, principal place, Liv. 21, 33, 11.—Of other things:jus nigrum, quod cenae caput erat,
the principal dish, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98; cf. id. Fin. 2, 8, 25:patrimonii publici,
id. Agr. 1, 7, 21; cf. id. ib. 2, 29, 80; Liv. 6, 14, 10: caput esse artis, decere, the main or principal point, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 132:caput esse ad beate vivendum securitatem,
id. Lael. 13, 45: ad consilium de re publicā dandum caput est nosse rem publicam;ad dicendum vero probabiliter, nosse mores civitatis,
id. de Or. 2, 82, 337; 1, 19, 87:litterarum,
summary, purport, substance, id. Phil. 2, 31, 77:caput Epicuri,
the fundamental principle, dogma, id. Ac. 2, 32, 101; cf. Quint. 3, 11, 27: rerum, the chief or central point, head, Cic. Brut. 44, 164.—So in writings, a division, section, paragraph, chapter, etc.:a primo capite legis usque ad extremum,
Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15; cf. id. ib. 2, 10, 26; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 118 Ascon.; id. Fam. 3, 8, 4; Gell. 2, 15, 4 al.; Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 223; id. Fam. 7, 22 med.; Quint. 10, 7, 32:id quod caput est,
Cic. Att. 1, 17, 4; so id. Fam. 3, 7, 4.—Of money, the principal sum, the capital, stock (syn. sors;opp. usurae),
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 11; 2, 3, 35, § 80 sq.; id. Att. 15, 26, 4; Liv. 6, 15, 10; 6, 35, 4; Hor. S. 1, 2, 14 al. -
5 གསུང་མཆོག་
[gsung mchog]chief of the fundamental doctrine, last advice or precept, principal word, main dogma
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